Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Saudi Arabian Nurses Regarding Healthcare-Associated Infection Prevention in Geriatric Care Settings: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated infections represent a significant challenge in geriatric care settings, with elderly populations being particularly vulnerable due to age-related immunocompromise and comorbidities. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nursing personnel directly influence infection prevention outcomes in these vulnerable populations.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the current state of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Saudi Arabian nurses regarding healthcare-associated infection prevention in geriatric care settings, identifying gaps and opportunities for improvement.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, and regional databases for studies published between 2014 and 2024. Search terms included healthcare-associated infections, infection prevention, geriatric care, nursing knowledge, attitudes, practices, and Saudi Arabia. Studies were included if they examined nursing personnel's knowledge, attitudes, or practices related to infection prevention in elderly care settings within Saudi Arabia.

Results: The search identified 1,847 initial articles, with 28 studies meeting inclusion criteria after rigorous screening. Analysis revealed moderate levels of knowledge regarding infection prevention principles among Saudi nurses, with significant variations across different healthcare settings. Positive attitudes toward infection prevention were consistently reported, though practical implementation varied considerably. Key barriers included inadequate training programs, resource limitations, and inconsistent policy implementation.

Conclusion: While Saudi Arabian nurses demonstrate positive attitudes toward healthcare-associated infection prevention, significant gaps exist in knowledge application and practice implementation in geriatric care settings. Targeted interventions focusing on evidence-based training, resource allocation, and policy standardization are essential to improve infection prevention outcomes in elderly populations.